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你對印度憲法了解多少？
印度總統的任期是 5 年。總統如符合資格，可以再次當選連任，總統也可以在任期屆滿前辭職。如果總統辦公室出現空缺，副總統將擔任總統，直到選出新總統。總統由一個選舉團選出，選舉團由國會兩院和各邦立法議會的選出議員組成。在印度當選為國會議員 (MP) 的最低年齡要求是 25 歲。《印度憲法》為競選人民院（國會下議院）和聯邦院（國會上議院）的候選人設定了這個年齡限制。除了年齡要求之外，候選人還必須是印度公民，並且不得在政府或任何邦政府下擔任任何有報酬的職位。候選人還必須在印度的任何選區註冊為選民。《印度憲法》中涉及基本權利的部分是第三部分。它包括第 12 條至第 35 條，其中規定了各種權利，例如平等權、自由權、反剝削權、宗教自由權、文化和教育權以及憲法補救權。基本權利被認為是印度憲法的基石，並保證所有公民無論其宗教、種族、種姓、性別或出生地如何。這些權利是公正的，並且可由法院執行。《印度憲法》中將投票年齡從 21 歲降低到 18 歲的修正案是第 61 項修正案。該修正案於 1988 年由國會通過，並於 1989 年 3 月 28 日生效。憲法的這項修正案是賦予印度青年權力並讓他們在民主進程中擁有更大發言權的重要一步。降低投票年齡也符合降低投票年齡的全球趨勢，該趨勢始於 1970 年代的美國、加拿大和英國等國家。根據《印度憲法》，聯邦院（各邦議會）的最多議員人數為 250 人。在這 250 名議員中，238 名議員由各邦和中央直轄區的立法議會選出，而 12 名議員由聯邦院提名，因為他們在藝術、文學、科學和社會服務領域做出了貢獻印度總統。聯邦院被認為是印度國會的上議院，其議員的任期為六年。與人民院（下議院）不同，聯邦院不解散，並且只有三分之一的議員每兩年退休。第 61 條。《印度憲法》的第 61 條涉及彈劾印度總統。總統可以被彈劾，並由人民院和聯邦院以特別多數票罷免。《印度憲法》的第八個附表包含印度官方語言的清單。根據此附表，印度有 22 種公認的官方語言，包括印地語、英語、孟加拉語、泰盧固語、馬拉地語、泰米爾語、烏爾都語、古吉拉特語、卡納達語、奧里亞語、旁遮普語、馬拉雅拉姆語、阿薩姆語、克什米爾語、信德語、梵語、孔卡尼語、曼尼普爾語 , 尼泊爾語、博多語、桑塔利語和邁蒂利語。根據印度憲法，人民院（印度國會的下議院）的議員人數上限為 552 人。在這 552 名議員中，530 名來自各邦和聯邦屬地，而 20 名議員由沒有立法議會的聯邦屬地選出。此外，如果印度總統認為該社群在人民院沒有得到充分代表，則可以提名兩名來自印度-英國社群的議員。但是，通過 2019 年第 104 條憲法修正案，已廢除了提名印度-英國議員的規定。人民院議員的任期為五年，除非提前解散。B. R. Ambedkar 博士是印度憲法起草委員會的主席。他是一位著名的社會改革家、法學家和政治領袖，在塑造印度憲法方面發揮了重要作用。印度憲法共有 395 條。這些條款涵蓋了廣泛的主題，包括基本權利、國家政策的指導原則、政府結構以及中央和邦政府之間權力的分配。印度憲法第 14 條規定了平等權。本條款保證人人法律之前一律平等，並禁止基於宗教、種姓、階級、性別或出生地的歧視。印度憲法第 76 條規定了聯邦清單主題的清單，中央政府有權就此制定法律。 聯邦清單總共有 100 個主題，中央政府有權控制這些主題，而無需任何邦政府的合作。 其中一些主要主題包括經濟發展、國防、Aadhaar 卡號碼、外匯、財政年度、人口控制、水資源保護和環境保護等。要成為聯邦院（印度國會的上議院）的成員，一個人必須年滿 30 歲。 印度憲法第 84 條規定了這一點，該條規定了聯邦院成員的資格。 除了最低年齡要求外，一個人還必須是印度公民，並且必須符合憲法中規定的某些其他資格。 例如，一個人不得破產，不得在政府合同中擁有任何經濟利益，並且精神健全。印度憲法第 124 條規定了最高法院的設立。 最高法院是印度最高的司法機構，負責解釋憲法並解決中央和邦政府之間的爭端。You scored 0 out of 14You scored 1 out of 14You scored 2 out of 14You scored 3 out of 14You scored 4 out of 14You scored 5 out of 14You scored 6 out of 14You scored 7 out of 14You scored 8 out of 14You scored 9 out of 14You scored 10 out of 14You scored 11 out of 14You scored 12 out of 14You scored 13 out of 14You scored 14 out of 14
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